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Madeleines

Classic shell cakes — Sweety, Yann Couvreur, Grolet versions

25 min (+ 1h rest) — 14–16 pieces — Easy

Sweety's recipe (16 madeleines)

  • 150 g flour
  • 150 g sugar
  • 150 g butter
  • 3 eggs
  • 1 tsp baking powder
  • 1 vanilla pod or zest of 1 lemon
  • pinch of salt

Yann Couvreur version

  • 125 g flour
  • 125 g sugar
  • 125 g brown butter (beurre noisette)
  • 3 eggs
  • 5 g baking powder
  • 1 lemon, zest
  • 1 vanilla pod
  • 1 pinch salt

Grolet Opéra XXL (1 cake, 250g)

  • 100 g eggs
  • 100 g sugar
  • 100 g flour
  • 4 g baking powder
  • 30 g milk
  • 100 g butter, melted
  • 1 vanilla pod

The madeleine hump is caused by a thermal shock — the cold batter hitting a very hot tin. No chill, no hump. The brown butter (beurre noisette) in the Couvreur version is the key flavour upgrade: it adds a roasted, caramel note the standard recipe misses. Lemon zest or vanilla, never both together.

Method

Batter

  1. Whisk eggs with sugar until pale and slightly thickened — about 2 min by hand.
  2. Add flour, baking powder, and salt. Fold in gently.
  3. Melt butter (or make beurre noisette: cook until golden and nutty-smelling, then strain). Cool slightly. Fold into the batter with lemon zest or vanilla seeds.
  4. Cover with plastic wrap and refrigerate at least 1 hour. Overnight is better — the rest develops flavour and ensures the hump.

Bake

  1. Preheat oven to 220°C. Butter the madeleine tin generously — including the indentations between shells. Chill the buttered tin in the freezer for 5 min.
  2. Pipe or spoon cold batter into the moulds, filling about 3/4. Do not spread — the batter will level itself.
  3. Bake at 220°C for 4 min, then reduce to 180°C for 6–8 min. The hump will appear around 3–4 min in. They are done when the edges are golden and the hump no longer looks wet.
  4. Unmould immediately and cool on a wire rack. They should release easily.

For the Grolet version: same temperatures and timing, but in a large buttered cake mould — bake longer, ~18–22 min at 180°C.

Pistachio praline (optional)

  1. Toast 100g pistachios at 160°C for 10 min. Cool completely.
  2. Blend with 80g sugar, 1 tsp neutral oil, and a pinch of salt until smooth and liquid. Store in a jar.
  3. Drizzle or dip the flat side of the madeleine for a variation.

Background

The hump is a structural consequence of the batter's temperature differential hitting the hot tin, not a recipe mystery. Cold batter sets the outside faster and forces the interior to rise upward through the one escape point — the unbaked centre. A tin that isn't hot enough or batter that isn't cold enough produces a flat madeleine. The two-temperature oven method (high start to create the hump, lower to finish cooking) is more reliable than a single temperature throughout.

Beurre noisette makes a substantial difference. The standard recipe uses plain melted butter; the Couvreur version browns it until the milk solids toast — this creates pyrazines (the same roasted compounds in coffee and nuts) that plain butter lacks. The smell is the guide: butter should smell like hazelnuts, not just hot fat. Filter through a fine mesh to remove the dark solids.

Do not overbake — madeleines dry out fast. The correct texture is a slight spring when pressed and a moist, tight crumb inside. If the edges pull away from the tin before the top is set, the oven is too hot or the tin was underfilled.

Mistakes I've Made

  • Not chilling the batter. No hump, flat result. The cold rest is what creates the thermal shock.
  • Tin not hot enough. Batter spreads and bakes flat rather than rising. Preheat the tin in the oven, not just the oven air.
  • Overbaking. Dry, tough, and no longer pleasant. Pull them the moment the hump stops looking wet.
  • Butter too hot when adding. It cooks the eggs slightly and the batter tastes scrambled. Cool the beurre noisette to ~40°C before folding in.
  • Not buttering every surface of the tin. Shells stick at the edges and lose their shape on unmoulding.

Sources

  • Madeleines | SweetyPersonal notes
  • Madeleines | Yann CouvreurPersonal workshop notes
  • Madeleines XXL | Grolet OpéraPersonal notes
Tonton Frometon — 2026